Theology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Religious philosophy - Essay Example This paper expects to examine for what reason would a savvy mind accept or not have faith in the presence of God, and what my supposition about the nature and presence of God is. An hour and a half discussion was held in Alys Stephens Center in Birmingham, Alabama, on October 03, 2007 between two Oxford University partners; a nonbeliever and mainstream humanist, Professor Richard Dawkins, and a Christian theological rationalist, Professor John Lennox. The subject of the discussion was the presence of God dependent on the skeptical perspectives that Dawkins introduced in his book, The God Delusion. In the discussion, Dawkins clarifies his propositions in regards to the dismissal of God’s presence saying that science depends on proof based grounds though confidence is visually impaired and depends simply on good convictions and therefore it hauls people to accept what is told in religion without the need of comprehension and investigating. This makes us state that a savvy mind accepts that science doesn't bolster religion; rather, it underpins realism or skepticism. Marx origination of God’s presence is simply agnostic. He asserts that an insightf ul brain must contend that the planner God, if there is one, must need another architect to structure him. Freud doesn't have faith in God and attests that â€Å"the sooner one acknowledges that God doesn't exist, the better† (qtd. in McFaul 9) in the event that one needs to step into develop adulthood. Christianity presents risks to the presence of people as all wars and demolitions come because of the strict convictions and contrast in beliefs. Dawkins clarifies a contention from his book, that is, confidence is visually impaired though science is proof based (92) in which he contends that confidence is by no reasons reinforcing its grounds in the 21st century when it has nothing to do with proof. Then again, as per Dawkins, â€Å"science utilizes proof to find reality with regards to the universe† and logical disclosures depend on research and

Cloning Is Wrong Essay Research Paper Cloning free essay sample

Cloning Is Incorrect Essay, Research Paper Cloning is Incorrect Cloning should neer be done to universes or some other of Gods imaginative exercises. The internet has numerous representations of why cloning ought to non be finished. indeed, even the reference book has articles against cloning. Cloning is a threat to mankind, shameless, and we should neer let it to take topographic point. First lets talk about Recombiant DNA. The Webster s World Dictionary gave this definition for Recombiant Deoxyribonucleic corrosive: Deoxyribonucleic corrosive shaped in the exploration lab by grafting together bits of Deoxyribonucleic corrosive from various species, as to make new life signifiers. This is wrong for what reason would anybody want to make another life signifier? The impacts could be extremely dangerous the life on the Earth. The essayist on recombiant DNA says: Open response to the use of recombiant Deoxyribonucleic corrosive in the familial innovation has been blended. The creation of clinical claims to fame through the utilization of hereditarily modified being has all around been invited. We will compose a custom exposition test on Cloning Is Wrong Essay Research Paper Cloning or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In any case, pundits of the recombiant DNA tests may grow profoundly infective signifiers that could do universe expansive scourge. While trying to hinder such an occurrence the National Institutes of Health ( NIH ) has set up statutes diminishing the kinds of recombiant Deoxyribonucleic corrosive tests that can be preformed using such pathogens. In the event that the cloning and brushing of sickness caused creatures were done, it could do exceptionally large entireties of unwellness and expire. For what reason would anybody want to cut down that upon the existence creatures of our Earth? Humankind is in no interest of new sicknesses that we shelter t got a solution for. What could go on to mankind if grown-up male was cloned? Aaron Hawley, a secondary school student who has inquired about cloning, put some of Thursday nutrient E data on a site. Aaron says, The biggest activity with the use of cloning on a major graduated table would be the lessening of familial decent variety ( www.vub.org/apvio/clone/wrong/htm ) . In the event that we do clone universes on a major graduated table, each ringer would be produced using the equivalent familial stuff. On the off chance that we by one way or another lost our capacity to clone ourselves, we would keep to go down to out typical way of multiplication. There is another trick, since we as a whole would incite for the most part, which is OK and acceptable until you understand, we would be inbreeding since we as a whole originate from the equivalent familial stuff. Inbreeding would do infection and many birth absconds. In view of the malady and birth abandons mankind could at long last go to a terminal. Simply accept how the ringers would understanding. A portion of the examination on cloning proposes that human ringers would hold an expansive exhibit of enthusiastic disfunction and cultural limitations. Only accept how we would understanding on the off chance that we realized to what extent our lives would be or what infections we were making a trip to obtain. We would pass our entire lives populating in fear of disease and perish. This would do major enthusiastic employments. In add-on, ringers could simple go castawaies in light of the fact that such a significant number of individuals are against cloning. A few people would just understanding to unusual addressing individual who looked only like individual else. What's more, how might if experience to be their male guardians copy? That would be only inaccurate. Would we despite everything like to run out and ringer? These couple of delineations here are just a little entirety of data against cloning. There are individuals who have committed the vast majority of their sites on the grounds why cloning is a terrible idea. The representations were just on: the impacts of doing another species, conceivable consequence of human race. That s non meriting accepting an open door on cloning.

How to Start Your Online Poker Career

How to Start Your Online Poker Career Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!How to Start Your Online Poker CareerUpdated On 02/08/2017Author : Ram kumarTopic : BusinessShort URL : https://hbb.me/2u1vX31 CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogThere is a big difference between being good and being great â€" especially when it comes to playing poker. If your goal is to make a living playing poker, then you need to be a great poker player. Not everyone succeeds, but with enough patience and dedication, anyone can become a professional player.If there is one thing that separates good players from great ones, its practice. Few world-class professional players got where they are today without putting thousands of hours of practice into the game.Similarly, very few players go straight from local get-togethers to tournament-level games â€" they hone their skill on the internet, starting an online poker career and gradually working their winnings into a consi stent income.Online Poker Career Platforms Offer Practice and IncomeIn order to make a living off of poker, you need to use every tool available. Online poker portals like 888Poker.com make this possible by giving you a safe, anonymous environment to test your skills. There are several reasons why good players who wish to become great players have the best chances online.You can try out new strategies without spending real money.Your adversaries cant see you or read into your strategy.You can try many different styles of gameplay, from Texas Hold Em to Omaha and others.Once youre ready to play for real money, you can find games with buy-ins that meet your income.You can switch tables very quickly â€" no need to get stuck in a game you wont win.READ3 Important Lessons That Can Be Learned From Small and Independent BusinessesThis step is critical because it gives you a chance to improve your poker playing ability against strangers. Professional poker players use these factors to their advantage, practicing while generating a small income that prepares them for tournaments.Use Online Play to Assess Your Skill Before Trying TournamentsYou may think you are a good poker player because you consistently beat your friends and other local players, but tournaments represent a whole different level of skill. If you arent ready, you can quickly find yourself outmatched by career players with more experience than you. Unlike online poker, you cant switch tables anytime you wish to do so in a tournament.Fortunately, online poker platforms let you keep a record of your performance so you can develop a clear idea of just how skilled you are. Nonetheless, even if you are making money playing poker online, you will need to practice before signing up for big tournaments.To hedge your bets as much as possible, use online play to hone a specific strategy and then take your strategy to the smallest tournaments you can find. With these small tournaments, your goal is to find out whe ther other players can read you to determine your hand.If you start winning these consistently, you can move on the major tournaments, combining the experience you earned with your online poker career to generate significant income.

The Disappearance of Miranda Gaddis

Miranda was born November 18, 1988, in Oregon City. She attended Gardner Middle School  and dreamed of becoming a model one day. Miranda belonged to a dance team and was described by friends as being outgoing, funny, and very loving. In 1995, Miranda’s natural father was found guilty of abuse and sent to prison. A boyfriend of her mother later abused Miranda and was convicted and sent to prison. She spent a short time in a foster home because of the abuse. Despite her troubles, Miranda seemed well balanced and enjoyed her family, which included her older sister Maryssa, younger sister Miriah, and younger brother Jason. It is not surprising that Ashley Hope and Miranda Gaddis were friends. They were on the same dance team at school, lived in the same apartment building, and even resembled each other. They also shared similar pasts of having been sexually abused as young children. The apartment complex that Ashley and Miranda lived in was built in the late 1990s. It provided affordable housing for single mothers and lower-income working families, as well as the mentally ill. It had a high occupancy rate and was filled with children. Families would come and go, and children learned to make friends quickly with the new residents that moved in. It was near the edge of the complex, where Ward Weaver and his family, decided to rent a home. The Weavers had a young daughter close to Ashley and Miranda’s age, and it was not long before the three became friends. Ashley and Miranda spent time at their new friends house, sometimes staying overnight at slumber parties. Miranda, unlike Ashley, did not stay at the Weaver house for extended periods of time. She had other interest and friends that kept her busy in other activities. On Jan. 9, 2002, Ashley disappeared on her way to school. The police interviewed Miranda  and other friends of Ashley’s. As information filtered in, the authorities began to suspect that Ward Weaver was involved in her disappearance, but no arrest was made. Miranda was very involved in her friends investigation, offering the police personal information that Ashley had shared with her. Miranda knew the trouble that Ashley had experienced during her extended stays at the Weaver home. Ashley confided in her that Ward Weaver was violent and raped her while on a vacation in California. Miranda, who was not timid with her opinions, warned friends to stay away from the Weaver’s home because she felt Ward Weaver was dangerous. Some theorize that Weaver blamed Miranda for his daughter being ostracized at school, and in the neighborhood where they lived. Two months went by, and Ashley Pond was still missing. Life for Miranda was beginning to return to normal. On March 8, 2002, the day started out like most school days at Miranda’s house. Her mother, Michelle, left at around 7:30 a.m., for work. It is assumed that Miranda left to go to her bus stop at her normal time, around 8 a.m. She walked the same path that Ashley did on the day she disappeared – right near the door of Will Weaver’s house. Around 1:20 p.m., Michelle Gaddis received a call from her oldest daughter, informing her that Miranda was not at school and that none of her friends had seen her all day. The school confirmed her fears, reporting that she was absent in all her classes. Michelle immediately went to the police to report that her daughter was missing. Now haunted by two disappearances, the police and the FBI went on a round-the-clock investigation in hopes of locating Miranda Gaddis. The residents of Oregon City feared that a child abductor was busy deciding who his next victim would be. The missing girls mothers were convinced that the person responsible, knew both girls. The police focused on this theory as well  and returned to question many of the same people they interviewed just two months before  when Ashley disappeared. Some of the information they received, pointed to Ward Weaver, just as in the case with Ashley Pond, but still, no arrest was made. A Break in the Case A cry of rape by Ward Weavers sons girlfriend  brought an end to the police search of Ashley Pond and Miranda Gaddis. The woman, half nude, ran from the Weaver home, screaming that Ward Weaver had tried to rape her. Weavers  son followed up with calls to the police, saying his father admitted that he killed Ashley Pond. These accusations allowed the police to search Ward Weavers property. On the weekend of August 24-25, the bodies of Ashley Pond and Miranda Gaddis  were found on the property of Ward Weavers rental home. Ashleys body was discovered inside a barrel, in a hole, under a concrete slab that had been poured soon after she was reported missing. Mirandas remains were found in a shed on the same property. An autopsy confirmed the identity of both girls. Ward Weaver Is Arrested On October 4, 2002, Ward Weaver was indicted for the murder of Ashley Pond, 12, and Miranda Gaddis, 13, as well as other counts in an unrelated case, which including sex abuse, attempted rape, aggravated murder and abuse of a corpse, all of which he plead not guilty. On September 22, 2004, ​Ward Weaver plead guilty to killing two of his daughters friends then hiding their bodies on his property. He received two life sentences for the deaths of Ashley Pond and Miranda Gaddis. See Also:Ward Weaver lll: A Life of BrutalityProfile of Ashley Pond

The Tigris River of Ancient Mesopotamia

The Tigris River is one of two main rivers of ancient Mesopotamia, what is today modern Iraq. The name Mesopotamia means the land between two rivers, although perhaps it ought to mean the land between two rivers and a delta. It was the marshy lower ranges of the conjoined rivers that truly served as a cradle for the earliest elements of the Mesopotamian civilization, the Ubaid, in approximately 6500 BCE. Of the two, the Tigris is the river to the east (towards Persia, or modern Iran) while the ​Euphrates lies to the west. The two rivers run more or less parallel for their entire length through the rolling hills of the region. In some cases, the rivers have a rich wide riparian habitat, in others they are confined by a deep valley such as the Tigris as it rolls through Mosul. Together with their tributaries, the Tigris-Euphrates served as the cradle for the latter urban civilizations that evolved in Mesopotamia: the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. At its heyday in the urban periods, the river and its human-constructed hydraulic systems supported some 20 million inhabitants. Geology and the Tigris The Tigris is the second largest river in Western Asia, next to the Euphrates, and it originates near Lake Hazar in eastern Turkey at an elevation of 1,150 meters (3,770 feet). The Tigris is fed from snow which falls annually over the uplands of northern and eastern Turkey, Iraq, and Iran. Today the river forms the Turkish-Syrian border for a length of 32 kilometers (20 miles) before it crosses into Iraq. Only about 44 km (27 mi) of its length flows through Syria. It is fed by several tributaries, and the major ones are the Zab, Diyalah, and Kharun rivers. The Tigris joins the Euphrates near the modern town of Qurna, where the two rivers and the river Kharkah create a massive delta and the river known as Shatt-al-Arab. This conjoined river flows into the Persian Gulf 190 km (118 mi) south of Qurna. The Tigris is 1,180 miles (1,900 km) in length. Irrigation through seven millennia has changed the course of the river. Climate and Mesopotamia There are steep differences between maximum and minimum monthly flows of the rivers, and the Tigris differences are the sharpest, nearly 80 fold over a period of a year. The annual precipitation in the Anatolian and Zagros highlands exceeds 1 meter (39 inches). That fact has been credited with influencing the Assyrian King Sennacherib to develop the worlds first stone masonry water control systems, some 2,700 years ago. Did the variable water flow of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers create the ideal environment for the growth of the Mesopotamian civilization? We can only speculate, but there is no doubt that some of the earliest urban societies blossomed there.   Ancient Cities on the Tigris: Baghdad, Nineveh, Ctesiphon, Seleucia, Lagash, and Basra.Alternate Names: Idigna (Sumerian, meaning running water); Idiklat (Akkadian); Hiddekel (Hebrew); Dijlah (Arabic); Dicle (Turkish). Source Altinbilek D. 2004. Development and management of the Euphrates–Tigris basin. International Journal of Water Resources Development 20(1):15-33.

Gender Equity Issues - 1157 Words

Gender Equity Issues Case study Gather Information Gathering information to validate gender issues in the workplace is a better approach than merely assuming the validity of information provided. Gender discrimination is a problem across different countries, organizations, and cultures. It is rooted in traditional patriarchal norms, which put women as minor people in their respective workplaces and homes. Gender discrimination negatively affects women because it harms their social health, lowers their output in the workplace, and makes them receive unfair and biased treatment from employers. In most cases, there are no clear policies in place to eliminate these problems. Hence, the gathering of information to validate the†¦show more content†¦Therefore, gender inequality affects performance of female employees because of their social stance in the institution. Benefits and Risks of the Approach Consequently, the approach of gathering information has its benefits and risks. The advantage of following the approach is that it encourages equal participation of all departments, which considers different ways of solving the problem at hand. The approach is also beneficial to leaders in different departments. These leaders have a privilege to share their experiences of gender inequality, and hence, shed extra light on its existence in diverse departments of the institution. The group discussion will also help in determining the perceptions and attitudes of leaders about the issue. Hence, from the perspectives of leaders, the vice president can have an enhanced understanding, and thus, can make an informed decision on whether the leadership team needs orientation on gender equity or not. The group discussion will also help to get the insights on whether the leaders can be trusted as agents of promoting gender equity among their subordinates. There are also risks associated with the approach of gathering information. Essentially, there is a higher probability that men dominate the leadership team, which can be a problem in disseminating the issue of gender equity. In most cases, men are satisfied and comfortable as they are superior and leaders ofShow MoreRelated Reflective Research Paper1164 Words   |  5 Pages I have connected the reflective research paper to objective # 1 because it made me examine my personal belief and attitude on gender equity issues. I did not realize that gender equity existed at the level that it does until researching the topic. Doing the research made me realize that the way we teach directly affects how children learn in every aspect. Gender inequities in the fields of math and science are well researched and the results are shocking. Women compromise 45% of the workRead MoreEssay on Gender Equity in Education1632 Words   |  7 PagesGender Equity in Education Gender equity issues in mathematics and science have been the focus of many educators and researchers for years. Women have often been denied an equal education in math and science for many reasons. Parents and teachers must realize this fact and change their habits wherever necessary. Girls must be given the same opportunity as boys from the beginning, particularly in math and science where girls tend to lag behind. First of all, the term gender equityRead More Gender Equity Essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesGender Equity Are male students and female student’s receiving the same opportunities when it comes to Math and Science in the schools? I don’t believe they are. This is why gender equity is a major problem facing our schools today. Many girls are having very negative attitudes towards Math and Science. Through doing research on this topic I found out why. In the article How Research Helps Address Gender Equity, a very shocking and eye opening thing was written. I learnedRead MoreSports And Society : Annual Review Of Sociology880 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Journal â€Å"Sport and Society: Annual Review of Sociology† written by Robert E. Washington and David Karen they talk about gender and sports in one section of their Journal. In this section the author addresses masculinity in sports and the attempts of Title IX to try and make sports equal in the sense that if women make up 40% of the athlete population they should receive 40% of the resources. However, this is not the case â€Å"The most recent data (Suggs 2000) reveal that in 1998–1999 women madeRead More Reflective Research Paper1619 Words   |  7 Pages Gender biases are a problem in many schools and gender equity has been used to help remove those biases. Equity refers to having equal expectations and treating students of different sexes and cultural backgrounds equally. Gender biases have been a problem in educat ion for years. In the past boys and girls have had different expectations when it comes to education. Boys have generally been taught to take leadership roles and girls to take more passive roles. In recent years gender equityRead MoreWhat Are Ontario Schools Doing? Other Canadian Schools? Essay1297 Words   |  6 PagesEducation in Ontario recognizes and encourages diversity of schools in the province through Ontario’s Equity and Inclusive Education Strategy. School boards across the province have been enforcing equity related policies to â€Å"establish conditions that promote inclusive education and support equity† (Ministry of Education 2009). This strategy calls for all school boards to â€Å"develop and implement equity and inclusive education policy and guidelines for the board and its schools† (Ministry of EducationRead MoreEconomic and Social Progress in Canada1720 Words   |  7 Pagessuffrage, women have made tremendous economic and social progre ss in Canada. Canada has been called a world leader in the promotion and protection of womens rights and gender equality, (Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada). Yet a hundred years after universal suffrage, gender disparity continues to exist in Canada. Gender disparity is evident in the political, economic, and social spheres. Political disparity refers to the lack of adequate representation of women in local, provincial, andRead MoreThe Current Problems Of The Womens Center1110 Words   |  5 Pagesthe center to become more inclusive due to the definition of feminism and the values of the Women’s Center. The idea of the Women’s Center is to provide information, education, and advocacy surrounding issues of women. At some point the topic of women’s issues get very burly with the topics of gender identification and the population it is aiming to serve. This section will be exploring the risks, needs and current problems of the Women’s Centers. Funding seems to be a constant problem with allRead MoreEssay on Gender Bias in the Classroom1589 Words   |  7 PagesGender Bias in the Classroom RESEARCH IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND THEORIES OF LEARNING Gender inequity is not only learned and accepted in the socialization process that starts at home, but is also present in the school environment form the very early years. Parents and teachers consciously or unconsciously reinforce sex stereotypes. In 1992 Olivares and Rosenthals research findings examined three areas: Read MoreCase Study: Salary Inequities at Acme Manufacturing1180 Words   |  5 Pagesappointed president, Joe Black, has to go through to fix those issues. In an article titled â€Å"Fair Pay or Power Play?† Shin (2013) reported that â€Å"pay inequity provides strong motivation for CEOs to restore equity.† For this case, I will identify some issues and recommend some plans to resolve the salary inequities in the Acme case. Some key issues that existed within Acme Manufacturing were: lack of individual equity, internal equity issues, no pay structure for salaried employees, and lack of legal

Frankie Ferrara free essay sample

Q1. Jewel: estimated benefit of Z1 over Z2 is $5/unit. Acme: quoted Z2 CPUs at $35/unit Beta: quoted Z1 CPUs at $38/unit Condor: only produces Z2 CPUs a. The BATNA in the negotiation with Condor is to buy the Z1 CPUs from Beta. It is the best alternative considering the $5/unit benefit of Z1 over Z2 CPUs compared to the$3 difference between Acme and Beta’s offers. b. Jewel’s reservation price in negotiating with Condor is $38 $5 = $33. There’s a 50% chance to negotiate with Acme a $28/unit with Acme. c. Jewel’s BATNA is to negotiate a $28/unit with Acme. d. The new reservation price base on the EMV is $30.5. 50% $28 EMV = $30.5 50% $33 Condor: Sell to Jewel, 20% chance to sell to one of Jewel’s competitors at $30/unit or 80% chance to liquidate at $15/unit. e. Condor’s BATNA is to sell to one of Jewel’s competitors at $30/unit. f. Condor’s reserved price based on EMV is . We will write a custom essay sample on Frankie Ferrara or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 20% $30 EMV = $18 80% $15 g. SRP = $18 |-ZOPA-| BRP = $30. h. Considering that condor is risk averse, its reservation price would be 80% x $ 15 = $12. Q2. Mary put her house on the market for $215k and the first offer she received is 2 weeks later at $170k. Mary’s BATNA is this negotiation is to keep the house waiting for another buyer to make an offer or to try to find a lessee  to rent the house. Mary’s reservation price depends on several factors including: The current fair market value of the house How pressed is she to sell the house (is she selling it out of an urgent need for money?) The prospects of the real estate market (are real estate prices expected to rise?) The current economic situation/mortgage rates (are people willing to buy houses/rent houses?) The daily incurred maintenance/interest costs of not selling the house The current fair market value should be Mary’s first benchmark in determining her reservation price. I assume that the $215k price she is requesting is higher than the fair market value and her reservation price should be in the range of the fair market value. Depending on the urgency of the sale, Mary’s risk profile, the factors mentioned above and their probability of occurring, the reservation price can go higher or lower than the fair market value. In this specific situation, it is obvious that Mary is willing to negotiate the deal which signals that the initial offer didn’t offend her and that she can negotiate it to an accept able price for her. Since she, the seller, gave the initial offer when she put her house on the market for $215k, it is expected that the negotiation will result in a price closer to the buyer’s initial offer. If she is interested in closing the deal, she should think of setting her reservation price in such a way to achieve a ZOPA. The mid-range between Mary’s price and the buyer’s offer is $192.5k so she should consider having a reservation price less than this value so that there is a high chance of a ZOPA. In case Mary is not in urgency of selling the house, and the factors mentioned above provide positive expectations, then the reservation price should be at least the fair market value. The probability of occurrence and the valuation of the positive factors can be added to the reservation price as well which in this case decreases the probability of a ZOPA in this deal but provides a fair valuation.

The Human Brain Essays (2234 words) - Neuroanatomy, Motor System

The Human Brain TABLE OF CONTENTS HEADING PAGE NUMBER 1. Table of Contents 1 2. Table of Illustrations 2 3. Introduction 3 4. Body of work 4 to 8 5. Conclusion 9 6. Illustrations 10 to 12 7. Bibliography 13 8. Glossary 14 to 16 9. Index 17 to 19 TABLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS HEADING PAGE NUMBER 1. Inside the Head 10 2. Inside the Brain 11 3. Areas and Jobs 12 INTRODUCTION NOTE: All words in bold print will be found in the glossary. The human body is divided into many different parts called organs. All of the parts are controlled by an organ called the brain, which is located in the head. The brain weighs about 2.75 pounds, and has a whitish-pink appearance. The brain is made up of many cells, and is the control centre of the body. The brain flashes messages out to all the other parts of the body. The messages travel in very fine threads called nerves. The nerves and the brain make up a system somewhat like telephone poles carrying wires across the city. This is called the nervous system. The nerves in the body don't just send messages from the brain to the organs, but also send messages from the eyes, ears, skin and other organs back to your brain. Some nerves are linked directly to the brain. Others have to reach the brain through a sort of power line down the back, called the spinal cord. The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system. The brain doesn't just control your organs, but also can think and remember. That part of the brain is called the mind. PROTECTING THE BRAIN Twenty-eight bones make up the skull. Eight of these bones are interlocking plates. These plates form the cranium. The cranium provides maximum protection with minimum weight, the ideal combination. The other twenty bones make up the face, jaw and other parts of the skull. Another way the brain keeps it self safe is by keeping itself in liquid. Nearly one fifth of the blood pumped by the heart is sent to the brain. The brain then sends the blood through an intricate network of blood vessels to where the blood is needed. Specialized blood vessels called choroid plexuses produce a protective cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid is what the brain literally floats in. A third protective measure taken by the brain is called the blood brain barrier. This barrier consists of a network of unique capillaries. These capillaries are filters for harmful chemicals carried by the blood, but do allow oxygen, water and glucose to enter the brain. THE DIFFERENT SECTIONS OF THE BRAIN The brain is divided into three main sections. The area at the front of the brain is the largest. Most of it is known as the cerebrum. It controls all of the movements that you have to think about, thought and memory. The cerebrum is split in two different sections, the right half and the left half. The outer layer of the cerebrum is called the cortex. It is mainly made up of cell bodies of neurons called grey matter. Most of the work the brain does is done in the cortex. It is very wrinkled and has many folds. The wrinkles and folds give the cortex a large surface area, even though it is squeezed up to fit in the skull. The extra surface area gives the cerebrum more area to work. Inside the cortex, the cerebrum is largely made up of white matter. White matter is tissue made only of nerve fibres. The middle region is deep inside the brain. It's chief purpose is to connect the front and the back of the brain together. It acts as a "switchboard", keeping the parts of your brain in touch with each other. The back area of the brain is divided into three different parts. The pons is a band of nerve fibres which link the back of the brain to the middle. The cerebellum sees to it that all the parts of your body work as a team. It also makes sure you keep your balance. The medulla is low down at the back of your head. It links the brain to the top of the spinal cord. The medulla controls the way your heart pumps blood through your body. It also looks after your breathing and helps you digest food. THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE BRAIN THE BRAINSTEM: The brainstem

How to Write a Perfect Human Resources Cover Letter (Examples Included)

How to Write a Perfect Human Resources Cover Letter (Examples Included) applying for a human resources position can be kinda like having your parent as your teacher- you know you’re not going to get away with much, because they know your game. these professionals see the best and the worst of application packages, and it can be nerve-wracking to join that fray. but you shouldn’t see it as a daunting, close-your-eyes-and-jump kind of thing. rather, you should look at this as an opportunity to step up your game and impress someone who might very well spend his or her days wading through the good, the bad, and the ugly. first let’s start with the basics of a good cover letter.necessity #1: a personalized introductionhuman resources professionals are used to being the middleman when it comes to job applicants. they’re reading your words, but those words are often intended for someone else’s eyes (the hiring manager, a hiring committee, etc.). but if you’re applying to join an hr department, it’s possible that the person who reads your cover letter first is someone who will have significant input into whether or not you move on to the next level (or, even more importantly, whether you get the all-important offer). either way, don’t treat this person like an anonymous resume-reading robot†¦personalize the intro as much as you can. whether it’s an email (which can feel more informal) or an honest-to-goodness letter (on nice paper and everything), it’s nice to dispense with blah greetings like â€Å"dear sir or madam† whenever possible.if you have a specific name from the job posting, great- use that. if you don’t have a specific name, you can do a little sleuthing to see if there’s a human resources contact listed on the company’s website. or you can even take the old-fashioned route and call the company on the dl to see who would be receiving your application package.it’s also important to use the right tone. definitely donâ€⠄¢t go too casual. the fact that you’re likely submitting these online, or writing an email, can lead to a false sense of shortcut familiarity. so even if you’re submitting your cover letter and resume digitally, treat the email like a regular letter.potential obstacle #1you have a name, but the gender is not clear. this one is sticky- you don’t want to risk alienating someone before you even get to the meat of your cover letter. in this case, better to go a little vaguely formal: dear mr./ms. works. it feels a little clunky, but that’s better than missing the greeting entirely.potential obstacle #2  making social assumptions about the reader. â€Å"mr.† is pretty straightforward, and will likely be so forever. female salutations can be trickier, because you don’t want to make any assumptions about the reader. â€Å"ms.† is your safest option. calling someone â€Å"miss† or â€Å"mrs.† incorrectly isn’t the end of the world, but the most neutral option is the most professional option. elizabeth chung could be married, single, divorced, older, younger, from mars- it doesn’t matter a bit. â€Å"ms. chung† covers all those options neatly.good salutation examples:dear mr. chung,dear mr./ms. chung,greetings mr. chung,bad salutation examples:terry, (too short/informal)greetings mr./ms. terry anderson (too formal)hello: (too impersonal)to whom it may concern: (too formal/too impersonal)you want your cover letter to seem professional, but approachable. the salutation helps set that tone. if you make it seem too much like an impersonal form letter, or the stiff letter of a person who is uncomfortable talking about this job application, you run the risk of not engaging the reader. and i think we all know what happens to application packages that don’t engage the reader. (spoiler alert: they don’t get read.)necessity #2: your elevator pitchbelieve it or not, cover letters have become controversial. personally, i disagree- and it’s a moot debate if a job description specifically asks you for a cover letter anyway. if you’re wavering on whether it’s actually necessary to do one, think of it is an opportunity to give the reader an elevator pitch about yourself. ideally, the reader will also be reviewing your resume, but your cover letter can be the eye contact and handshake that get the conversation started.potential obstacleyou don’t want to give away the farm, so to speak- the person will be reading your resume, so you don’t want to just summarize the same bullet points. instead, use 1-3 sentences as a narrative line for your resume/qualifications. you also don’t want to leave it too brief, conveying little information about you- otherwise, what’s the point? it’s like saying, â€Å"i’m forced to write a cover letter, so here you go.† again, don’t miss an opportunity to talk a bout how you fit well with the company and the job description.good example:as a human resources professional with more than 8 years of experience in benefits management, i was thrilled to hear about your opening for a benefits coordinator. i’ve worked with companies of more than 500 employees (like vandelay industries), and i understand the organizational and communications challenges that can arise along the way. i’ve spent my career working to make those challenges into opportunities for better and more efficient communication throughout the company. i believe my highly developed skills in training and corporate communications would work very in the role of benefits coordinator.bad examples:i am applying for a job at vandelay industries. please see my attached resume, and let me know if you have any questions.basically, make sure that your cover letter has some of your big talking points, but don’t just rehash your resume. take the opportunity to set the narr ative.necessity #3: a strong finishalways have a closing that leaves room for follow-up. yes, the reader knows that they can email you with any questions, but it’s a conversational way to close out the letter and move the reader on to your resume.good closing example:i would love to have the opportunity to join your team, and look forward to hearing more about the benefits coordinator position. please let me know if you have any questions, or if there’s any more information i can provide about my experience coordinating benefits.bad closing example:please let me know more about this job opening. thanks.in these examples, one writer reminds the reader that the writer is focused on this job and his or her qualifications for it. the other writer closes with the most generic close-out possible, and could apply to a job opening for a line cook or a podiatrist. you want to make sure you’re aligning yourself with the job in the reader’s mind, and this is your la st chance to do so before they read your resume.  necessity #4: keep it cleanlike with your resume, you want your cover letter to be clear and easy to read. that means:a standard font. this is not the time to test out â€Å"fun† fonts. pick something clean and basic, like times.no huge blocks of text. in a letter, unbroken paragraphs can look like the ramblings of a manifesto. you want your reader to see a series of separate, elegantly outlined points. short paragraphs, a few at most.short length. a cover letter should never be more than a page, and even a full page is definitely pushing it. brevity is the soul of wit, and the friend of application readers everywhere.good letter body example:as a human resources professional with more than 8 years of experience in benefits management, i was thrilled to hear about your opening for a benefits coordinator. i’ve worked with companies of more than 500 employees (like vandelay industries), and i understand the organization al and communications challenges that can arise along the way. i’ve spent my career working to make those challenges into opportunities for better and more efficient communication throughout the company. i believe my highly developed skills in training and corporate communications would work very in the role of benefits coordinator.i would love to have the opportunity to join your team, and look forward to hearing more about the benefits coordinator position. please let me know if you have any questions, or if there’s any more information i can provide about my experience coordinating benefits.bad letter body example:as a human resources professional with more than 8 years of experience in benefits management, i was very thrilled to hear about your opening for a benefits coordinator. i’ve worked with companies of more than 500 employees (like vandelay industries), and i understand the organizational and communications challenges that can arise along the way. iâ €™ve spent my career working to make those challenges into opportunities for better and more efficient communication throughout the company. i believe my skills in training and corporate communications would work very in the role of benefits coordinator. i would love to have the opportunity to join your team, and look forward to hearing more about the benefits coordinator position. please let me know if you have any questions, or if there’s any more information i can provide about my experience coordinating benefits.  in the bad example, the information is crowded and tough to read. it’s also made even more unreadable by the font. and emojis are great for texting, but they have no place in your application package, sorry. if you want to convey tone, you’ve got to do it the old-fashioned way: through your words.once you’ve got the body of the letter in shape, all that’s left is the closing. like the salutation, you want to err on the side of f ormal, but friendly.good closing examples:best wishes,sincerely,bad examples:thanks. (brusque tone)fondest wishes, (too flowery)[name- no greeting] (too abrupt)call me, (too informal and oddly personal)and after that, you’re done! human resources professionals, maybe even more so than any other professionals, can appreciate a well-constructed cover letter. they also see a lot of them, so it’s important to get in, present your information in a clean, engaging way, and get out. you want them to remember you, not the person who sent the wacky/inappropriate/super-formal cover letter.let’s take a last look at the good example cover letter as a whole:dear mr. chung,as a human resources professional with more than 8 years of experience in benefits management, i was thrilled to hear about your opening for a benefits coordinator. i’ve worked with companies of more than 500 employees (like vandelay industries), and i understand the organizational and communications challenges that can arise along the way. i’ve spent my career working to make those challenges into opportunities for better and more efficient communication throughout the company. i believe my highly developed skills in training and corporate communications would work very in the role of benefits coordinator.i would love to have the opportunity to join your team, and look forward to hearing more about the benefits coordinator position. please let me know if you have any questions, or if there’s any more information i can provide about my experience coordinating benefits.sincerely,barbara franklinthejobnetwork is your best spot to find the exact job hr you seek in your area. take a look at listings for the following jobs, or search for your own specific terms:human resources manager jobshuman resources assistant jobsstaffing specialist jobs

Journalist Martha Rountree Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Journalist Martha Rountree - Research Paper Example â€Å"At a time when the female's presence in television production was routinely dismissed as unfeminine, Martha proved that there is not only a niche for the female broadcaster; there is also potential for quality in any commentary regardless of gender†(Martha). Even though, Martha had no college degree, she mesmerized the anchor and journalist profession with her immense abilities and talents. This paper briefly analyses her life and contributions. At the age of sixteen, Martha’s father died which put her in major troubles in finding enough money for the completion of her education. She accepted a job in Columbia Record newspaper, mainly to find enough money for her education. However, she could not finish her college studies because of financial reasons. Since she started her career in a newspaper, she decided to continue her career in journalism and worked for many prominent publications like The Tampa Tribune in Tampa, Florida. In 1938, she resigned from Tampa tri bune and moved to New York City and started her career as a freelance writer. Along with her freelance writing career, she started a production company with the help of her sister which produced singing commercials and transcribed programs in 1944. Martha and her sister Ann succeeded in producing many unique programs which caught the attention of the public at that time. The interviews of women celebrities conducted by Martha and her sister gained much publicity and popularity in America during this period. Her first marriage was to Albert N. Williams, Jr. in 1941 which lasted around seven years and ended in 1948. She had no children in this affair. â€Å"Ms. Rountree married Oliver M. Presbrey in 1952. Mr. Presbrey, an advertising executive, died in 1988† (Files). She had two daughters in this affair. Rountree created a new radio show, called The American Mercury Presents: Meet the Press, on June 24, 1945. However, Meet the Press program which she started on NBC television n etwork, on November 6, 1947 is believed to be her master piece even now. Rountree developed her own ideas and implemented it successfully in this programs which resulted in huge popularity of this program. The major idea of this program was to have public figures respond to irritating questions without prior preparation. People enjoyed the agony and confusion of the celebrities in dealing with the unexpected questions of Martha, very much. Currently meet the press is the longest running television programs in the history of television. It is in the 57th year, at present. President Kennedy once referred to "Meet the Press" as the "fifty-first state," and since the Kennedy presidency, every man who has occupied the Oval Office has appeared on "Meet the Press" during his career. Every Sunday morning for 57 years strong, in times of peace or war, "Meet the Press" is welcomed into the homes of Americans to analyze, discuss and review the news of the week -- and to look ahead to the week to come -- with world-renowned guests (Martha). Foreign policy was the major theme discussed in the meet the press programs while interviewing political celebrities. Some of the prominent world leaders interviewed on this program are; Fidel Castro, Francois Mitterrand, Indira Gandhi, David Ben-Gurion, Golda Meir, Ferdinand Marcos, Jean Monnet, Mikhail Gorbachev, Anwar el-Sadat, Yitzhak Rabin, King Hussein of Jordan, Hamid Karzai, Pervez Musharraf, King Abdullah of

A Knowledge Management Framework for Expert Decision Making Essay

A Knowledge Management Framework for Expert Decision Making - Essay Example tructured analytics provides a repository of structured data in the form of presentable reports and charts which facilitates easy decision making .Off late organizations use variety of tools and methods to perform analysis on structured data as per their requirements in various fields like finance , supply chain management , forecasting etc Data is available for an organization from various unstructured sources like emails, web sites, news articles, government notices, pre existing company records etc. Though data available from these sources are useful they are haphazardly organized and hence it becomes very difficult for various stake holders to understand and take a well informed decision. In order to organize the available unorganized data organizations make use of Information Technology for data structuring which can be defined as ‘As a specialized format for organizing and storing data. General data structure types include the array, the file, the record, the table, the tree, and so on. Any data structure is designed to organize data to suit a specific purpose so that it can be accessed and worked with in appropriate ways. In computer programming, a data structure may be selected or designed to store data for the purpose of working on it with various algorithms’. Data once structured are used for creating reports and charts through IT applications / tools which mine the available structured data as per user’s requirement. These IT applications / tools are very user friendly and customizable. In modern day’s business, structured analytics is utilized in building domain specific tools which applies domain specific formulas and calculations over voluminous data which is either pre existing or acquired over runtime. Some of the prominent and generic analytics tools used are stock trend charts, web site hit ratio analytics, foreign exchange charts etc. These tools provide customized looks ups, charts, statistical forecasts, etc. The core development of

Examining and Evaluating the Globalization of Globacon Nigeria

Examining and Evaluating the Globalization of Globacon Nigeria Modern global businesses have to satisfy a myriad of conflicting demands coming from different directions. In a competitive world, firms use integrated controls to preserve corporate standards and strategies, which help attain economies of scale. They also make certain innovative decisions that help in sustaining the growth of the business and create competitive edge over the other firms in the industry. Some of these core decisions is on participating more actively in the local and global market, while bearing in mind that to operate efficiently and effectively on the global platform needs sensitivity to indigenous market situations, adaptability under varying circumstances, and responsiveness to new prospect. Multinational companies increasingly face intense competition globally. In these emerging situations, companies seek to implement strategies that will improve and sustain the growth of their business. Because of this, multinational companies are changing the way they structure their businesses, changing their modus operandi in order to conform to todays business environment. For todays business managers the need to understand this strategic motivation for change is of utmost importance. For they to be responsive, there must be concern not just for the now, but also for the companys unforeseen future. This entails planning, organizing, directing, and controlling resources and managing a diverse labour force in a way that will be beneficial to all structures of businesses internationally. Overview of Globacom Nigeria Limited Globacom Limited is a Nigerian multinational telecommunications company headquartered in Lagos, Nigeria, a privately owned company and one of Africas fastest growing telecommunications company. Globacom is the market leading mobile service provider in Nigeria and operates in the neighbouring West African states (Globacom Limited n.d.). According to (Globacom Limited n.d.) it is reputed to be one of the fastest growing mobile service providers in the world, and aims to be the biggest and best mobile network in Africa. The telecommunication industry in Nigeria in particular and the world at large characterized by huge investments in technology and is exposed to rapid fluctuations in the market environment, such as consolidation of both telecom operators and network providers. The providers are competing for the limited number of customers, present on the global stage. Competitors can be either large multinational companies, such as Vodafone, or small regional companies, such as MTN, Za in etc. The global industry performance is largely dependent on continued growth in mobile and fixed communication in terms of both number of subscriptions and usage per subscriber. Moreover, the current merging of the telecom, data, and media industries changes the conditions in which the telecom operators do business. Consequently, the competitive environment is changing and novel strategies, addressing the new market conditions, are developed. Now in its bid to meet the organisational aims and objectives, the company wants to know the possibility of increasing its participation in the local and global market. Thus, this paper seeks to outline the key issues involved in localisation and globalisation, strategic decisions involved and implementation challenges with Globacom as reference. THE CONCEPTS OF GLOBALISATION AND LOCALISATION Globalisation is a term that denotes the process of strengthening political, economic, social and cultural relations across the world. Different authors and scholars have tried to define or explain globalisation. (Ohabunwa 1999), understands globalisation as a development which is analytically reforming interactions among different countries by eliminating bottlenecks in the areas of communication, commerce, culture. According to (Ohiorhenuan 1998), globalisation is the widening and deepening relations of national economies into a worldwide market for goods and services, especially capital. (David 2009) Sees globalisation as international way of doing business using strategic decisions based on global profitability rather than local considerations. Generally, globalisation is the integrated and co-ordinated approach by which industries evolve from multi-national to global competitive structures through trade, financial transactions, and exchange of information, ideas, technology, and the movement of people. Localisation on the other hand is the opposite of globalisation. Localisation entails that multinational companies recognises national economic issues and are locally responsive in meeting local demands. With this perspective in mind, (Meyer and B.D.Wit 2004) opined that managers in the international departments of multinational companies, should then be permitted to be responsive to particular local conditions. Arguing a case for localisation, (Chen Jun 2008), stated that companies localise their operations because of the various differences and political obstacles between different local markets, and that the cost of neglecting or disregarding local uniqueness in preference to that of global setting is too high. The choice of increased participation in the local and international market has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of global are cost-based, maximizing economies of scale and reducing repetition of processes and materials, thereby rea lizing efficiency. The advantages of localization are on the other hand are revenue-based, promoting variation to reach all customer positions and customer satisfaction (Buckley Ghauri, 2004). Porter,(1989) a proponent of global convergence perspective, argued from an international integration angle in his article The competitive advantage of nations that the world is becoming globally integrated but that the competitive advantage of a company is dependent on a combination of both its national circumstance and its strategy of harnessing it. He further opined that it behoves on the company to seize the opportunity of competitive advantage existing in its country. However, a globalisation perspective that is becoming more globally accepted by both the academic world and decision makers of multinational companies is that of Douglas and Wind who does not agree with the principal assumptions of the global standardization philosophy. Firstly, they opine that there is absence of evidence about uniformity in global customer taste, as there is diverse customer behaviour and taste even within the same country. Secondly, Differentiation as against low price strategy is more profitable and can reduce over competition in the industry. Thirdly, economies of scale of product is not the only credible reason for global convergence, research and development, marketing and after sale service sometimes are even more important than production. There is a consensus that multinational companies should not just focus on one side of the divide, but try to adjust the balance between localization and globalization. Multinational companies should deal with the problem differently according to different strategic contexts. (Douglas and Wind n.d.). Consequently, from the analysis, it is clear that the study of the dilemma of localization and globalization is approachable from different angles. The magnitude of globalization is different from country to country and there is no one best organizational response to globalization, every organization should balance those factors dynamically and find the strategy best suited to their company. PARADOXES For a firm to participate in local and global environment, some underlying internally and externally issues have to be analysed, rationalised and dealt with according the situation on ground. Meyer highlighted some paradoxes that exist and are instrumental to final strategic decisions by multinational companies. Globalization and localization Multinational companies are facing the paradox of globalization and localization in breaking into each emerging market. Generally, there are various ways on how multinational companies organise its global activities: The first according to (Chen Jun 2008) is global convergence perspective, which lays emphasis on taking advantage of their corporate resources and attaining global interactions, while the other is international diversity perspective, which lays focuses on adapting to local difficulties. According to (Tallman and Yipp 2001), the three basic strategic issues involved in multinational companies operating globally are geographic spread, localisation and global integration. The question here lies in whether companies should consider the global market in its entirety or recognise the local market structure as its main stream of business. Profitability and Responsibility The dichotomy (globalisation and localisation) pushes the companies into understanding their purpose in business. Different businesses have different visions and mission as seen in their various statements. According to (Meyer and B.D.Wit 2004), some of their motives is to maximise profit for the owners (a shareholder value approach), or to meet the requirements of the general populace (a stakeholders values approach). In deciding on increased participation in the market, Globacom will have to decide which is more germane to its core values. Why Firms Globalise From the discussion, companies that decide to globalise, or use global strategies will have some beneficial consequences such as gaining new customers for their products and services, other advantages are: According to (Yip, Mintzberg and Quinn 1991), companies can reduce costs by pooling production or other activities for multiple countries. They further opined that other methods such as exploiting lowers factor cost i.e. moving manufacturing activities to countries with low costs, moving production between countries to take advantage of lowest costs at a particular time, also reduces costs. Excess capacity and economic risks can be absorbed through foreign operations (David 2009) There will be increased competitive advantage as companies will act as checks and balances on each other. With joint venture programs, companies will learn the culture, technology, and business practises of the host nation. Global savings distributed more efficiently as countries higher productive capacity for capital e.g. UK, can borrow from countries with excess fund. (David 2009), also stated that economies of scale can be achieved as large scale production and better efficiency allow higher sales volume and lower price offerings. Other factors such as economies of scale in production, purchasing, faster accumulation of learning from operating worldwide, decrease in transportation and distribution cost, reduced cost in product adaptation, and the emergence of a global market segments have encouraged the competition on a global scale. However, the decision to globalise has some inherent drawbacks. Barriers such as governmental policies and institutional limitations, tariff barriers and duties, transportation cost, variances in customer preference and demand, are some of the drawbacks enumerated by (Douglas and Wind n.d.). Seizure of foreign operations by nationalists as stated by (David 2009), is one of the disadvantages. The economic changes fashioned by globalisation have brought about business displacements and job losses in many countries, changed the commodity composition of trade and led to distortions in local consumption patterns, thereby bringing about relative price changes that local consumers find difficult to adapt. Globalisation has also led to a situation where financial disturbances emanating from one country quickly spreads like wildfire to other countries with destabilizing consequences. (Obadan 2004). STRATEGIC GLOBAL DECISIONS In order to achieve an objective, aim or goal, every business must have a strategy. There is no common or single definition of strategy as it relates to and can be applied to many contrasting fields such as marketing ,economics, investment, military, gaming, and as well as corporate global environment. Strategy can however be generalised to mean a plan of action, thought out in advance, aimed at achieving a particular objective, with particular reference to gaining competitive advantage for an business over other businesses in the same industry. (Barney and Hesterly 2010) , defines strategy as a theory by a firm on how to gain competitive advantages. (Mintzberg 1988), proposed five definitions of strategy Plan A conscious thought out course of action, a guide made in advance before implementation. Ploy made with the intentions of outsmarting other competitors. Pattern i.e. a consistent and accurate behaviour resulting from the plan. This can be realised, unrealised and emergent strategies. As a position i.e. the way, a company positions itself in the market in terms of locating particular product brands at particular markets. Perspective i.e. the fundamental way of doing things in the business and way the managers of the company perceive the world from the companys point of view. (Lewis 1999), added a sixth definition, by defining strategy as a process of sensing, analysing, choosing and acting. According to (Johnson and Scholes 2007),Strategy is the direction and scope of an organisation over the long-term: which achieves advantage for the organisation through its configuration of resources within a challenging environment, to meet the needs of markets and to fulfil stakeholder expectations. They also posited that there are different strategies used at different levels of a business. Corporate Strategy is concerned with the generally purpose and scope of the business to meet consumers expectations. Investors interactions in the business environment, has an influence over and is a guide to strategic decision-making within the business. Corporate Strategy is also part of the mission statement of most firms. Business Unit Strategy This deals more with how a business competitively successfully a business is in a particular market. It is about the strategic decisions of choice of products, customer satisfaction, competitive and comparative advantage over competitors, development or creation of novel ideas and opportunities. Operational Strategy This handles the issue of how each the component parts of the business is organised in other to deliver the corporate and business-unit level strategic direction required for growth. Operational strategy therefore focuses on subjects of resources, processes, and people. Companies can use any or all of these strategies but also have to bear in mind that there are some globalisation drivers affecting the prospective use of global strategy. Lewis et al (1999) opined that managers shoul d be able to recognize when these drivers provide opportunities to use these strategies. In explaining thes drivers, Lewis et al (1999) said that Market drivers, are those characterised by homogenous customer needs, global consumers, global channels of distribution and transferability. Cost drivers on the other hand are the drivers that are dependent on the economies of the business and are characterised by economies of scale and scope, learning and experience, sourcing efficiency, favourable logistics and product development costs. Governmental drivers are those dependent on government policies and an influence over the use of all the other global strategies. It comprises of favourable trade policies, compatible technical standards and common marketing regulations. Fina lly, they named competitive drivers as those comprising of the interdependency of countries and globalised competitors. Although these drivers are individually powerful, they are not on their own formulae for sure success. A combination of two or more can be viable in an economy. Lewis et al (1999) PESTEL Creating a global strategy involves an initial step of an environmental analysis of political, economic, social, and technological trends that are pertinent to operating on a global level. (Kotler 1998), claims that this analysis is useful strategic tool for learning the direction a business is going with reference to its growth or deterioration, business position, potentials. PESTEL ANALYSIS Economic Factors Political Factors Social Factors Legal Factors FIRM Technological Factors Political factor: These refer to government policies such as the degree of intervention in the economy. Political decisions can have an effect on many vital areas for business such as the education of the workforce, the health of the nation and the quality of the infrastructure of the economy. African governments are taking steps in opening their economies to international trade. Most countries have started trade and exchange liberalization process, eliminating multiple exchange rates and nontariff barriers, and reducing the degree of tariff protection. Economic factors: These include interest rates, taxation changes, economic growth, inflation and exchange rates. , the restructuring of many African economies is gaining momentum. Throughout the continent, government intervention in economic activity is on the decline. Administrative price restrictions and agricultural marketing has been widely eased up. Social factors: Changes in social trends can affect the demand for a firms products or services and the availability and enthusiasm of the work force. Technological factors: new technologies create new products and new processes. There can be cost reduction, improvement in quality and innovation through technology. These developments can have a positive effect on consumers as well as firms concerned. Environmental factors: this includes weather and climate change. Fluctuations in temperature can have a negative on many industries including the telecoms industry. With the advent of global warming, there is greater environmental awareness and this is becoming a significant concern for firms to ponder. Legal factors: the legal setting in which firms operates determines the progress of the business. With ever-stringent laws in the telecoms industry on provision of services, Globacom will have to improve on its service provision. The managers of Globacom need to think about the factors that are likely to change and in what direction and which factors will have the greatest influence on them. PORTERS FIVE FORCES According to Michael Porter (1985), for a firm to seek for a favourable competitive placing in any industry, it will have to find out how attractive the industry is. To be able to analyse any industrys attractiveness, either domestically or internationally, there are five competitive forces: the threat of new entrants, the bargaining power of suppliers, the bargaining power of consumer, the threat of substitutes and the intensity of rivalry competitors. The five forces is the focal determinant of the industry profitability, as they have tremendous influence on price, costs and profits of the product. (De wit Meyer, 2004: p.259) Porters five forces model The threat of new entrants: In the telecommunication industry, the threat of new entrant is relatively low as the stringent barriers high initial cost of start-up and fixed cost associated with the business is extremely high. This works to the advantage of Globacom and others in the industry. Bargaining power of suppliers: There is a myriad of telecommunication companies worldwide but there limited number of telecommunication equipment suppliers in the industry. Here, Globacom is disadvantaged as there are limited alternatives. Bargaining power of consumers: bargaining power is high in this industry because of presence of many competitors. In Nigeria alone there are about ten telecommunication companies fighting for the same customers. Globacom is only at the moment differentiated in price and customer loyalty. Threat of substitutes: in the telecoms industry, threat of substitution is high as all the telecoms companies sell virtually the same product and or services. Globacom should determine the extent of customer switchover and try make customer satisfaction a priority. However, other companies in the industry may decide to go into price war, which reduces the profit margin of the companies involved. Degree of rivalry: the telecoms industry is a highly competitive as each company is trying to outdo the other in other to increase their subscriber base. Here as stated before, Globacom should have customer satisfaction as its watchword. Managers of Globacom should as a matter duty identify the key aspect or elements of each competitive force that influences the firm, assess how strong and vital each element is for the firm and decide whether the combined strong point of the element is worth the firm entering or staying in the country. Limitations Globacom has used this model as a strategy. Since growth is of core importance to the company, it has shown this by rolling out different services such as Glo mobile, Glo gateway, Glo 1, and Glo broad access, across West African sub-region (Globacom Limited n.d.). Globacom is using the strength of large customer base and name to keep itself in the forefront of the telecoms industry. PORTERS GENERIC STRATEGY Multinational companies are able to achieve competitive advantage, mainly through differentiating their products and services through low costs. Companies can broaden their market scope or they can focus on a refined target in the market. According to (Porter,1989), strategies allow companies to gain competiive advantage via three bases : cost leadership, differentiation and focus. It is imperative for companies to use the cost leadership strategy if they try to become low cost producers in their industry. Globacom pricing strategy is among one of the best in the industry in the sub-region. The other telecoms companies are trying hard to meet the price standard set by Globacom and this makes it easier for them to locate to other countries. N Nigeria, they have the lowest price tariff coupled with other added services. Globacom is also one of fastest growing companies in the industry it showed tremendous growth through sale of 600,000 sim cards in its first ten days of operation in republic of Benin (Cellular-News 2008), and planned to capture 30% of the 11 million subscribers within a short period of its commencing business in Ghana (Oruame 2008). Differentiation as used by many firms cannot in the telecoms industry as virtually all the product and services are similar in nature. However, the per-second billing method for calls, has been used by Globacom to dif ferentiate its product and services. Globacom on the other hand is not pursuing the focus strategy as it is directing its effort in a particular section of the industry. Limitations Companies pursuing the strategic generic model, have to make a choice between cost leadership and differentiation and avoid the stuck in the middle syndrome, which results in poor financial performance (Porter, 1980). Globacom does not pursue either low cost strategies or differentiation. It merges both techniques as its strategy. THE ANSOFFS GROWTH MATRIX (Lewis 1999), in citing Ansoff (1965), opined that the tool is used in detecting options available to firms wanting to widen their competitive edge, as it helps these businesses decides the strategy they will use in their product and market growth. Some of these options include: Ansoffs growth matrix Product Development Market Penetration (Existing product) (New product) (New market) Diversification Market Development (Existing market) Market penetration: This focuses on increasing market share of existing products into existing markets. The objectives of this option are to maintain or increase the market stake of current products through combining competitive pricing strategies, advertising, and sales promotion, ensure supremacy of growth markets, increase usage by existing customers Market development: This is a growth strategy where companies want to sell its existing products into new markets through new geographical areas, new product sizes or packages, or new distribution channels. Product development: this is the growth strategy where a business creates new products for augmenting existing products in existing markets. Diversification: This is the growth strategy where businesses introduce new products into new markets. However, for a business to implement a diversification strategy, therefore, it must have a knowledgeable idea of its gains and accompanying risk. Limitations: Globacom as a company uses this strategy extensively as seen in the number of countries it had moved into within a short span of time, the number of products it had introduced into these markets and the rate of diversification. However, it needs to monitor the trend in customers, demands in other to be responsive to them. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE Most products pass through for basic phases i.e. introduction, growth, maturity and decline. From a strategic point of view, knowledge of the products life cycle helps a company to manage the introduction of a new product. (Barney and Hesterly 2010), speaking from an international perspective, opines that that the product life cycle of a product or service can be at different stages of its life cycle in different countries. Consequently, the resources developed by a firm during a particular stage in the life cycle of the product in the home market to the same stage of another product in the international market (Barney and Hesterly 2010). The PLC of a product consists of introduction, growth and maturity, and companies use this to analyse and assess how they believe their product will perform through its PLC and the marketing strategies and marketing mix implemented at each stage. (Lewis 1999), warned that firms that do not pursue strategies appropriate to the life cycle stage of the ir product, might lose competitive advantage. Globacom is increasingly expanding its range of products to retain its competitiveness in the market and hence important that they invest make sure their customers demand are satisfied. CONCLUSION Every strategic model is an instrument used for gathering strategic information from the international perspective and a process for perceiving a number of different futures for any organisation. Undeniably, globalization for the telecommunication industry is a persistent trend. The international low cost of both material and labour, the low price of the resources, and the most advanced technological expertise are all required for increasing competitiveness in the industry. Furthermore, for these firms to be able to manage the intricacies involved in globalization entails including new tools, structures and strategic models added to the ones already in use as the knowledge and application of strategic models is a prerequisite for the survival of any business in its industry. Globacom should adhere strictly to the laws of the relevant strategies and integrate them into the corporate business model to ensure and sustain its leadership role in the telecoms industry. Managers have to dec ide how to modify their products, make changes in their marketing policies to suit the situation on ground, formulate human resource practices and business strategies to deal with national differences in culture, language, business practices, and government regulations. In addition, managers have to decide how best to tackle the threat posed by efficient foreign competitors entering their home market and how to effectively and efficiently enter a foreign market and create a positive impact.

Geographic Information Sytems :: Significant Elements of GIS

Significant Elements of GIS GIS unites graphical representation of characteristic items (e.g. trees, houses, wells, streets, and so forth.), properties of items and apparatuses to oversee conduct of the guide objects. This makes, GIS goes far past the administration of ―backgroundâ€â€" mapping as it gives genuine positional mindfulness in backing of leading examination crosswise over various wellsprings of data. Incorporating ERP and GIS The test is that organizations actualize different requisitions for a reason; every is intended to help the needs of a specific client assemble in performing their particular assignments. Geological data frameworks (GIS) have the capacity of putting away, controlling, examining and imagining the geospatial data through maps. Frequently, picturing the information on maps is more applicable than taking a gander at the plain information, which is the reason GIS has started to be incorporated in key business requisitions additionally. The collaboration between GIS and ERP data frameworks, offers focal points to any endeavor in both store network administration and advertising ranges. Logistic firms oblige shorter request cycle, more dependable conveyances, better warehouse administration and they must hold their transportation fetches under control. With a specific end goal to accomplish these objectives, the reconciliation of GIS, GPS and ERP innovations was proposed by researchers and by business programming sellers. In the promoting region, ERP/GIS incorporation might be helpful in all showcasing blend segments: item (fragment clients by lifestyle and item advancements and classification), value (usage of estimating strategy relying upon area), spot (site choice and conveyance directing) and advancement (create target geocode clients, comprehend client using). With a coordinated framework, a client can do a cluster of capacities that could affect corporate running cost by fulfilling the accompanying: Enhance asset usage, examination, wellbeing and stake trustworthiness through a capacity to speak to work requests and warnings at their accurate area on a GIS map. Enhance operational proficiency (e.g. wellbeing, dispatching) by speaking to work exercises that effect a zone as polygons on the guide and ID of briefest courses. Enhance workforce gainfulness by giving more extensive program based access to ERP and GIS based possessions, upkeep, and client data. Lessen administration sets back the ol' finances by stretching an on-line organization toward oneself entrance with fundamental business forms (e.g. report flawed gear). Hoist client administration and choice making with stretched access to ERP information from the GIS map. Associations that incorporate GIS with ERP fit in with

Blackberry Eating

The poem â€Å"Blackberry Eating† by Galway Kinnell is a short but effective example of how the use of the elements of poetry can evoke emotional reaction and the corresponding emotional experience in people. The poem starts out with a matter-of-factly account or story telling of a late September trip or errand to pick up â€Å"fat, overripe, icy, black blackberries to ear blackberries for breakfast†. While the first three lines directly expresses, herein, the author still makes use of stressed imagery.The color â€Å"black†, an apparent redundancy, is used to precede â€Å"blackberry† to produce or connote the image of the darkness or deepness of the fruit color, on top of the other qualities of fatness or big size and possible coldness and juicy stage of ripeness. â€Å"The stalks very prickly, a penalty they earn for knowing the black art of blackberry-making;† These next two and a half lines jumps into or introduces the level of figurative langu age. What initially seems a either an implied mystery or a misguided use of the pronoun â€Å"they† in referring to that entity knowledgeable on â€Å"the black art† is in fact metaphorical language.The prickly stalks obviously are not persons who practice the supposedly dark or secret art of blackberry-making. What the â€Å"penalty† element in the metaphor perhaps suggests is that the practitioner of the art earns a disadvantage, or a price to pay, when he or she holds the stalks to pick up the blackberries. These next words prompt the reader to think what the author is trying to tell: â€Å"and as I stand among them lifting the stalks to my mouth, the ripest berries fall almost unbidden to my tongue†¦. â€Å"But the next line provides the unequivocal clue: â€Å"as words sometimes do†¦. â€Å". Herein, it is revealed that the berries are compared to words, implying that blackberry-making is likened to making a craft or something with words. At t his point, the poem becomes clear, as metaphor is clearly replaced with the simile tool of the conjunction â€Å"as†. What makes this apparently simple, down-to-earth poem particularly appealing to read and listen to is the equally effective use of sound devices. A sort of metaphorical onomatopoeia is made use of in the next lines:â€Å"Certain peculiar words like strengths or squinched, many-lettered, one-syllabled lumps, which I squeeze, squinch open, and splurge well in the silent, startled, icy, black language†. As one reads or listens to these words of simile between creating prose and poetry or oration, it is as if one can almost hear the process of chewing and eating blackberries. In Blackberry Eating, rhythm, consonance or the repeated consonant sounds anywhere and alliteration or repeated initial consonants are obviously present, what with the multiple use of black by itself or as prefix: black blackberries, blackberries, blackberry-making.â€Å"S† is a lso alliterated several times with the words strengths, squeeze, splurge, silent, startled and the present and past forms of squinch. â€Å"I love to go out in late September among the fat, overripe, icy, black blackberries to eat blackberries for breakfast, the stalks very prickly, a penalty they earn for knowing the black art of blackberry-making†. As later revealed, the â€Å"tenor† in this part of poem, or what Galway Kinnell means, is the process involved in poetry composition.The author's use of the brambles and bramble fruit plant parts and the act of preparing and eating them suggest the creation or the composition of poetry. The words or lines actually used to that effect, technically called â€Å"vehicle†, constitute the metaphor or analogy. That the subject needs to go out (of his abode) to be able to procure the raw blackberry refers to the what the poet has to do in order to carry out the preliminary phase of composing his poem. As the time period o f â€Å"late September† is repeated at the end of the poem, the significance of this author's choice of the month becomes evident.The line â€Å"of blackberry-eating in late September† makes another use of sound device: the ber is repeated to create a rhythmic finale to the poem. A fusion of the style devices of literal and figurative language and sound devices, Kinnell's Blackberry Eating is an excellent piece of poetic genius. As Kinnell brings to the reader the pleasure, along with the efforts, of preparing and eating blackberries, the poem communicates how literature is akin to it. The total product is poetically narrative, metaphorically educational and a pleasure to read and hear.

Griswold v. Connecticut Prelude to Roe v. Wade

edited with additions by Jone Johnson Lewis The U.S. Supreme Court case Griswold v. Connecticut struck down a law that prohibited birth control. The Supreme Court found that the law violated the right to marital privacy. This 1965 case is important to feminism because it emphasizes privacy, control over one’s personal life and freedom from government intrusion in relationships. Griswold v. Connecticut helped pave the way for Roe v. Wade. Fast Facts: Griswold v. Connecticut Case Argued: March 29—30, 1965Decision Issued:  June 7, 1965Petitioner:  Estelle T. Griswold, et al. (appellant)Respondent:  State of Connecticut (appellee)Key Questions: Does the Constitution protect the right of marital privacy against state restrictions with regard to a couples ability to be counseled in the use of contraceptives?Majority Decision: Justices Warren, Douglas, Clark, Harlan, Brennan, White, and GoldbergDissenting: Justices Black and StewartRuling: The Court ruled that together, the First, Third, Fourth, and Ninth Amendments create the right to privacy in marital relations and that the Connecticut statute that conflicted with the exercise of this right was therefore null and void. History The anti-birth control statute in Connecticut dated from the late 1800s and was rarely enforced. Doctors had tried challenging the law more than once. None of those cases made it to the Supreme Court, usually for procedural reasons, but in 1965 the Supreme Court decided Griswold v. Connecticut, which helped define the right to privacy under the Constitution. Connecticut was not the only state with laws against birth control. The issue was important to women across the nation. Margaret Sanger, who had worked tirelessly throughout her life to educate women and advocate birth control, died in 1966, the year after Griswold v. Connecticut was decided. The Players Estelle Griswold was the executive director of Planned Parenthood of Connecticut. She opened a birth control clinic in New Haven, Connecticut, with Dr. C. Lee Buxton, a licensed physician and professor at Yale’s medical school, who was the Medical Director of the Planned Parenthood New Haven center.  They operated the clinic from November 1, 1961 until they were arrested on November 10, 1961. The Statute Connecticut law prohibited the use of birth control: â€Å"Any person who uses any drug, medicinal article or instrument for the purpose of preventing conception shall be fined not less than fifty dollars or imprisoned not less than sixty days nor more than one year or be both fined and imprisoned.† (General Statutes of Connecticut, Section 53-32, 1958 rev.) It punished those who provided birth control as well: Any person who assists, abets, counsels, causes, hires or commands another to commit any offense may be prosecuted and punished as if he were the principal offender. (Section 54-196) The Decision Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas authored the Griswold v. Connecticut opinion. He emphasized right away that this Connecticut statute prohibited the use of birth control between married persons. Therefore, the law dealt with a relationship â€Å"within the zone of privacy† guaranteed by Constitutional freedoms. The law did not just regulate the manufacture or sale of contraceptives, but actually prohibited their use. This was unnecessarily broad and destructive, and therefore a violation of the Constitution. â€Å"Would we allow the police to search the sacred precincts of marital bedrooms for telltale signs of the use of contraceptives? The very idea is repulsive to the notions of privacy surrounding the marriage relationship.†Ã‚  (Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479, 485-486). ​Standing Griswold and Buxton asserted standing in the case about the privacy rights of married people on the grounds that they were professionals serving married people. Penumbras In Griswold v. Connecticut, Justice Douglas famously wrote about â€Å"penumbras† of the rights of privacy guaranteed under the Constitution. â€Å"Specific guarantees in the Bill of Rights have penumbras,† he wrote, â€Å"formed by emanations from those guarantees that give them life and substance.† (Griswold, 484) For example, the right to freedom of speech and freedom of the press must guarantee not just the right to utter or print something, but also the right to distribute it and to read it. The penumbra of delivering or subscribing to a newspaper would emanate from the right to freedom of the press that protects the writing and printing of the newspaper, or else printing it would be meaningless. Justice Douglas and Griswold v. Connecticut are often called â€Å"judicial activism† for their interpretation of penumbras that go beyond what is literally written word for word in the Constitution. However, Griswold clearly cites the parallels of previous Supreme Court cases that found freedom of association and the right to educate children in the Constitution, even though they were not spelled out in the Bill of Rights. Legacy of Griswold Griswold v Connecticut is seen as paving the way for Eisenstadt v. Baird, which extended the privacy protection around contraception to unmarried people, and Roe v. Wade, which struck down many restrictions on abortion.